Abstract Climate change particularly aects the health of vulnerable groups, such as children, the elderly, and socially disadvantaged individuals. Asthmatics are also at greater risk from the results of climate change due to their non-specic and allergen- specic bronchial hyperreactivity. Climate change aects the production, release, and number of allergenic pollens throughout Europe. Tree pollen in particular is being seen earlier and in greater numbers, while little eect is seen on grass pollens, and mugwort pollen is showing a downward trend. e ragweed that is spreading throughout Europe is still only of regional relevance in Germany. understorm periods represent a risk for pollen asthmatics. Although little is known about changes in molds, an increase in mycelium growth and spore formation is anticipated. Warmer winters may result in changes to mite populations.