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Image of A twelve year analysis of non-tubal ectopic pregnancies: Do the clinical manifestations and risk factor for these rare pregnancies differ from those of tubal pregnancies?

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A twelve year analysis of non-tubal ectopic pregnancies: Do the clinical manifestations and risk factor for these rare pregnancies differ from those of tubal pregnancies?



Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the character-istics and peculiarity of non-tubal ectopic (NTE) pregnancy presenting to a major district hospital in London, UK. Data were collected between January 2003 and July 2014. There were 850 cases of ectopic pregnancies (798 tubal pregnancies and 53 NTE pregnancies). Forty-seven of the NTE were in-cluded in the study. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20. Pearson’s chi-squared analysis was used to com-pare statistical significance of the data collected; the level of statistical significance at which the null hypothesis was rejected was chosen as 0.05. The 31–40 year age group had the highest incidence (55 % of the cohort). Thirty-seven per-cent of NTEwere primigravida. Most of the women presented at 6–10 weeks gestation (63 %) with abdominal and vaginal bleeding being the most common presentation in 55 % of cases. When compared with tubal ectopic pregnancy, NTE was more likely to present at later gestation of presentation (p=0.000), have history of assisted reproduction (p=0.041) and more likely to present with diarrhoea, shoulder-tip pain
and syncopal attack as well having a significant amount of haemoperitoneum at surgery compared with tubal ectopic pregnancy. NTE pregnancies are likely to present most com-monly at 6–10 weeks and therefore clinicians should have a high index of suspicion when treating any pregnant woman at this gestation. The later presentation of NTE pregnancies may relate to the delay in diagnosis of these rarer ectopic pregnancies; this may be attributed to the clinician having a level of suspicion that is too low, as the incidence of NTE pregnancies is becoming increasingly common. A combina-tion of a thorough history with the presence of specific risk factors such as a history of assisted conception, pelvic surgery and pelvic inflammatory disease and symptoms such as syn-cope and an abnormal amount of free fluid behind the empty uterus at ultrasound should make the clinician highly suspi-cious of a NTE or heterotopic pregnancy



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Judul Seri
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No. Panggil
Artikel
Penerbit Springer : USA.,
Deskripsi Fisik
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Bahasa
English
ISBN/ISSN
DOI 10.1007/s10397-0
Klasifikasi
NONE
Tipe Isi
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Tipe Media
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Tipe Pembawa
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Edisi
Gynecol Surg (2016) 13:103–109
Subyek
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