AbstractAlthough the neuropsychological underpinnings of problematic alcohol use have been studied extensively, this research has not yet been generalised to individuals with mild to borderline intellectual disability (MBID). In this paper, we present the main findings of a research project aimed at study-ing the deficiencies in information processing associated with problematic alcohol use in problematic drinkers with and with-out MBID. The objectives were to develop and test indirect measures of cognitive biases and executive dysfunctioning of problematic drinkers with MBID and studying the extent and nature of the influence of IQ and executive control on these deficiencies. In addition to extending the fundamental knowl edge about problematic alcohol use, the research findings pro-vide practical implications that can be translated into the screen-ing, assessment and treatment of problematic drinkers—both with and without MBID. Based on our results, we discourage the use of indirect, reaction time-based measures for cognitive biases for clinicalpurposes. The word association task, on the other hand, provides better opportunities, for example as a way to identify high-risk situations for alcohol use. With regard to cognitive and executive functioning, we advise practitioners to conduct a thorough assessment in an early phase of the treat-ment but withhold from incorporating neurocognitive treatment protocols in the treatment of problematic alcohol use. KeywordsProblematic alcohol use. Implicit measures.Intellectual disability.Practical implications